Csf inactivation in meat this document provides the. Notice of determination of the classical swine fever. Classical swine fever is a highly contagious, viral disease of swine that in its most virulent form causes morbidity and mortality approaching 100%. Classical swine fever csf is a highly contagious and economically significant viral disease of pigs. African swine fever asf is a highly lethal viral disease of domestic pigs that manifests as an acute or peracute haemorrhagic fever. Classical swine fever csf is a highly contagious and often fatal viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boar with a tremendous impact on animal health and pig industry and, therefore. Csf may go undiagnosed for months due to its mild nature and few lesions. Subacute and chronic forms have been described but are unusual under. Pigs and wild boar are the only natural reservoir of classical swine fever virus. Csf was eradicated from the united states in 1978 after. However, until recently, the available live vaccines did not allow a serological marker concept that is essentially important to circumvent longterm trade. Aug 26, 2014 if classical swine fever is confirmed it will be controlled in line with the contingency plan for exotic notifiable diseases and the gb classical swine fever disease control strategy. Food and agriculture organization of the united nations 6,754 views.
Several examples illustrate the devastating economic effects of classical csf and african swine fever asf spilling over from wild boar to domestic pigs. Overview of classical swine fever generalized conditions. Currently, the disease is controlled by prophylactic vaccination in china and many other countries using the modified live vaccines derived from cstrain, which was developed in china in the mid. Pathology and molecular diagnosis of classical swine fever in. Classical swine fever csf is most often used in europe and its excolonies. Classical swine fever still a threat classical swine fever csf, also known as hog cholera, is a highly contagious viral disease of swine. Classical swine fever csf, which was first recognised in 1810, is a contagious disease of pigs characterised by fever and haemorrhage with an acute or chronic process 1, 10, and it leads to. Classical swine fever is a contagious, often fatal, disease of pigs clinically characterized by high body temperature, lethargy, yellowish diarrhea, vomiting, and a purple skin discoloration of the ears, lower abdomen, and legs. A decade of research into classical swine fever marker. If classical swine fever is confirmed it will be controlled in line with the contingency plan for exotic notifiable diseases and the gb classical swine fever disease control strategy. The clinical signs of classical swine fever may occur in chronic, congenital, mild or acute form. Classical swine fever csf virus is a member of the family flaviviridae, genus pestivirus, containing one serotype divided into three major genotypes, including. All feral and wild pigs, including european wild boar, are susceptible.
It is anticipated that the strategy document will guide the prevention and control of african swine fever efforts in the continent contributing to better trade of pig and pork throughout africa and beyond and in so doing improve the livelihood and food and nutrition security of producers and other actors. Occured in east anglia, affected 16 farms and 75,000 pigs including contact farms were slaughtered to eradicate the disease main source of. The goal of the program is to enhance surveillance for the rapid detection of csf virus introduced into u. The incubation period is variable but is usually between five and ten days. To control the disease, safe and highly efficacious live. People are not affected by african swine fever or classical swine fever. Assessment of classical swine fever diagnostics and. Csf was eradicated from the united states in 1978 after a 16year effort by the industry and state and federal governments. In the aforementioned report, csf live attenuated vaccines and the commercially available e2 subunit marker vaccines. Classical swine fever csf diagnosis lesions signs symptoms.
Procedure manual for classical swine fever csf surveillance i. Classical swine fever csf, caused by classical swine fever virus csfv, is an oielisted, highly contagious, often fatal disease of swine worldwide. Classical swine fever is a contagious, often fatal, disease of pigs clinically characterized by high body temperature, lethargy, yellowish diarrhea, vomiting, and a purple skin discoloration of the ears, lower. Although classical swine fever was once widespread, many countries have eradicated this disease from domesticated swine. Csf was eradicated from the united states in 1978 after a 16year. The disease is similar to classical swine fever, but is caused by a different virus. What happened in the classical swine fever outbreak in 2000.
Swine fever hog cholera, swine fever, european swine fever, peste du porc, colera porcina, virusschweinepest last updated. Classical swine fever is caused by a member of the flaviviridae family,genus pestivirus 88. Besides high fever, the disease is characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical signs. Assessment of classical swine fever diagnostics and vaccine. English pdf spanish pdf classical swine fever powerpoint this presentation is designed to aid veterinarians in educating swine producers on csf, its transmission, clinical signs, and prevention. To this effect, a taskforce drawn from the three organizations was set up and has worked. North america is also at risk for the reintroduction of classical classical swine fever csf is a highly contagious and economically significant viral disease of pigs. Classical swine fever is a notifiable disease, according to council directive 82894eec of 21 december 1982 on the notification of animal diseases within the community. Swine fever causes fever, skin lesions, convulsions, splenic infarctions and usually particularly in young animals. Classical swine fever csf is a highly contagious and economically significant. The possible role of metabolites of the arachidonic acid pathway and immune complexes in the development of the. Classical swine fever is on the list of diseases notifiable to the world organisation for animal health oie. Classical swine fever csf, known in the unites states of america as hog cholera, is an acute to chronic disease of pigs. African swine fever asf afrivip african veterinary.
Sets out the disease control measures we would consider if african or classical swine fever was suspected or confirmed in pigs. Classical swine fever hog cholera iowa state university. Fosgate dvm, phd, dacvpm 979 8453203 for more information contact the texas animal health commission at 18005508242. This virus is antigenically related to bovine viral diarrhoea bvd virus and to border disease bd virus. It is shown here that the end stage of lethal infection in the natural host is associated with a dramatic depletion preferentially of b lymphocytes in the circulatory system as well as in lymphoid tissues. Classical swine fever aetiology epidemiology diagnosis prevention and control references aetiology classification of the causative agent classical swine fever csf virus is a member of the family flaviviridae, genus pestivirus, containing one serotype divided into three major genotypes, including numerous subgenotypes. Classical swine fever csf, also known as hog cholera, is a highly contagious viral disease of swine. Pdf the principles of aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and immunology of classical swine fever as well as control measures are described. Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of classical swine fever. Classification of the causative agent resistance to. Please refer to the animal disease notification system for a description of the notification system and the latest health situation table. Classical swine fever csf or hog cholera also sometimes called pig plague based on the german word schweinepest is a highly contagious disease of swine old world and new world pigs. Csf was eradicated from the united states in 1978 after a 16. Usda aphis classical swine fever standard operating procedure.
Hog cholera, also known as classical or european swine fever, is caused by hog cholera virus, a member of the genus pestivirus. Nov 06, 2015 classical swine fever csf is a viral disease with severe economic consequences for domestic pigs. Several examples illustrate the devastating economic effects of classical csf and african swine fever asf spilling. Classical importance swine fever hog cholera, swine fever, european swine fever, peste du porc, colera porcina, virusschweinepest last updated. Transmission mainly by the oral and oronasal routes, via direct or indirect contact. Pathology and molecular diagnosis of classical swine fever. It is distributed in many countries in asia, eastern europe and south america and thus hampers. Classical swine fever definition of classical swine. The classical swine fever eradication plan for the america. The immunopathology of the disease is poorly understood, but the ability of the csf virus to infect cells without triggering apoptosis and to kill uninfected cells is probably highly significant. Classical swine fever csf, also known as hog cholera, is a contagious viral disease of domestic and wild swine.
Classical swine fever csf is a viral disease with severe economic consequences for domestic pigs. Current concepts on its pathogenesis and immunology e. Classical swine fever csf is a contagious febrile disease of pigs that is associated. Classical swine fever csf is a serious and contagious viral disease of pigs and wild boar with a widespread worldwide distribution. Classical swine fever classical swine fever virus, family flaviviridae geoffrey t. Csf inactivation in meat this document provides the current scientific knowledge of the level of persistence of the csf virus in a variety of meat products, including hams and sausages. Collared peccaries were susceptible in one study, but recovered in 10 days. A highly infectious, often fatal viral disease of swine, characterized by fever, loss of appetite, and diarrhea.
It was first described in the early 19th century in the usa. Characteristics of vaccine performance in terms of vaccine types, ef. Classical swine fever csf is a highly contagious viral disease of pigs. The regulations in 9 cfr part 94 referred to below as the regulations prohibit or restrict the importation of specified animals and animal products to prevent the introduction into the united states of various animal diseases, including classical swine fever csf, footandmouth disease, swine vesicular disease, and rinderpest. Mar 23, 2001 classical swine fever definition is hog cholera. Current concepts on the pathophysiology of african swine fever, an acute viral haemorrhagic fever, are. Pdf the control of classical swine fever in wild boar. It is shown here that the end stage of lethal infection in the natural. Classical swine fever eu position the eu supports the adoption of the modified chapter.
Due to its impact on animal health and pig industry, classical swine fever csf is still one of the most important viral diseases of pigs. Csf is a highly contagious multisystemic viral disease of swine that can run an acute, subacute, chronic, or lateonset course. To control the disease, safe and highly efficacious live attenuated vaccines exist for decades. Natural hosts for the csf virus csfv are members of the family suidae, i. In the recent past, the introduction of classical swine fever virus csfv followed by betweenherd spread has given rise to a number of large epidemics in the netherlands and belgium. Classical swine fever csf, also known as hog chol era, is a highly contagious viral disease of swine. Both diseases only affect pigs and are exotic to australia. Procedure manual for classical swine fever csf surveillance. General provisions for the purposes of international trade, classical swine fever csf is defined as an infection of domestic pigs.
General provisions for the purposes of international trade, classical swine fever csf is. The immunopathology of the disease is poorly understood, but the. Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of classical swine. Classical swine fever definition of classical swine fever. Viral strains of low to moderate virulence cause infections with a gradient of severity, some clinically inapparent. Apr 23, 2020 swine fever definition is hog cholera. The regulations in 9 cfr part 94 referred to below as the regulations prohibit or restrict the importation of specified animals and animal products to prevent the introduction into the united states of various. Raising awareness about african swine fever in ukraine duration. The causative agent csf virus csfv, is a member of the. The highly varying picture of both african swine fever asf and hog cholera hc makes a diagnosis of either disease on mere clinical and pathological grounds often impossible, particularly in.
In its acute form the disease generally results in high morbidity and mortality. The classical swine fever eradication plan for the americas 1 1. For the global pig industry, classical csf and african swine fever asf outbreaks are a constantly feared threat. African swine fever asf is a highly contagious virus that causes an often fatal disease in pigs and wild boar. Swine fever definition of swine fever by merriamwebster. Sep 15, 2017 due to its impact on animal health and pig industry, classical swine fever csf is still one of the most important viral diseases of pigs. The severity of the illness varies with the strain of the virus, the age of the pig, and the immune status of.
Purpose this document describes the guidelines and procedures for the national surveillance program for classical swine fever csf as of february 2007. In its acute form it presents as a highly lethal haemorrhagic fever that is indistinguishable from african swine fever asf. Classical swine fever hog cholera in wild boar in europe. Purpose this document describes the guidelines and procedures for the national surveillance program for classical swine fever. Notice of determination of the classical swine fever status. Differential diagnosis between african swine fever and hog. Classical swine fever powerpoint this presentation is designed to aid veterinarians in educating swine producers on csf, its transmission, clinical signs, and prevention measures. In its acute form it presents as a highly lethal haemorrhagic fever that is. Currently, the disease is controlled by prophylactic. Current concepts on the pathophysiology of african swine fever, an acute viral haemorrhagic fever, are described. Today, only 17 other regions are free of csf, 9 of which are in mexico. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Hanson 1957 made it clear that this claim is not sustainable from the original evidence, and that the.
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